Non-ionizing Radiation Sources

Optical Energy - Infrared

• Objects heated to high temperature
• heating sources
• lamp filaments
• Molten metal
• Thermotherapy

Optical Energy - Ultraviolet

• Electric arcs (metal welding and cutting)
• Fluorescent and mercury vapor lamps
• Tanning booths
• UV sterilization
• Sunlight (natural exposure)
• Phototherapy

Optical Energy - Laser

• Microwelding and microfinishing
• Drilling and cutting
• Precision measurements
• Telemetry
• Holography
• Telecommunications
• Guidance systems
• Light shows
• Nuclear fusion research
• Isotope separation and spectroscopy
• Microsurgery
• Cauterization

Optical Energy - Visible Light

• Projectors
• Spotlights
• Floodlights
• Flashlights

Microwave and RF Energy - Extremely Low and Very Low Frequency (ELF and VLF)

• High voltage transmission and power lines
• Electrical appliances with motors
• Video display terminals (VDTs)

Microwave and RF Energy - Microwave

• Radar installations
• Broadcasting stations
• Television transmitters
• Ovens
• Diathermy units

Microwave and RF Energy - Radiofrequency

• Broadcasting and telecommunications
• Radar
• Air traffic control
• Meteorology
• Metallurgy
• Food processing
• Sterilization
• Scientific research and medicine

Ultrasonic Energy - Consumer

• Big, bird and rodent control
• Burglar alarms
• Traffic control
• Dog whistles

Ultrasonic Energy - Medical

• Physical therapy
• Fetal cephalometry
• Placental localization
• Detection of intra-uterine life
• Diagnosis of multiple pregnancy
• Dental hygiene
• Chest wall thickness determination
• Burn depth determination

Ultrasonic Energy - Industrial

• Cleaning
• Machining
• Welding plastics
• Emulsifying
• Flow detection
• Electronic signal processing
• Sonar detection

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