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Reference Directory

Bibliography

[spoiler title=”ALARA” style=”2″] American Association of Physicists in Medicine, “A Primer on Low Level Ionizing Radiation and its Biological Effects”, Report No. 18, July, 1986.

Brookhaven National Laboratory, Occupational Dose Reduction at Department of Energy Contractor Facilities: Study of ALARA Programs – Status 1990, DOE/EH-0277T/BNL 47339, prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy, August 1992.

Brookhaven National Laboratory, Occupational Dose Reduction at Department of Energy Contractor Facilities: Study of ALARA Programs – Good Practice Documents, DOE/EH-0278T/BNL 47339, prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy, August 1992.

Casarett, A. P. “Radiation Biology”, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1968.

Department of Energy, ALARA Training for Technical Support Personnel, DOE-HDBK-1110-97, USDOE, Washington, D.C., 1997.

Gollnick, Daniel A., Basic Radiation Protection Philosophy, 2nd edition, Pacific Radiation Corporation, Altadena, CA., 1988.

International Commission on Radiological Protection, Implications of Commission Recommendations that Doses be Kept as Low As Reasonably Achievable, ICRP 22, Pergamon Press, New York, 1973.

Kathren, R. L., et al., A Guide to Reducing Radiation Exposures to As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA), DOE/EV/1830-T5, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA, 1980.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Implementation of the Principle of As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) for Medical and Dental Personnel”, NCRP Report NJo. 107, Bethesda, MD, 1990.

Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Health Physics Manual of Good Practices for Reducing Radiation Exposure to Levels that are As Low As Reasonably Achievable, PNL-6577, prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy, June 1988.

U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, “Operating Philosophy for Maintaining Occupational Radiation Exposures As Low As Is Reasonably Achievable”, Regulatory Guide 8.10, 1977.

U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, “Information Relevant to Ensuring that Occupational Radiation Exposures at Uranium Mills will be As Low As Is Reasonably Achievable”, Regulatory Guide 8.31, 1983.

U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, “ALARA Levels for Effluents from Materials Facilities”, Regulatory Guide 8.37, 1993.
[/spoiler] [spoiler title=”Background Radiation” style=”2″] National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP). “Exposures from the Uranium Series with Emphasis on Radon and its Daughters.” NCRP No. 77. Bethesda, MD; March 1984.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. Exposure of the population in the United States and Canada from natural background radiation. NCRP No. 94. Bethesda, MD: 1987.

NUREG-1501. “Background as a Residual Radioactivity Criterion for Decommissioning” (Draft Report for Comment). Washington, D.C.: Nuclear Regulatory Commission. August 1994.
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[spoiler title=”Community Relations” style=”2″] Cutlip, S. M. and A. H. Center, Effective Public Relations, 4th Ed., Prentice-Hall, New York, 1971.

Louis Harris and Associates, Inc., ” A Second Survey of Public and Leadership Attitudes Toward Nuclear Power Development in the United States”, Ebasco Services, November, 1976.

Hebert, J. A. and R. Kathren, “Radiation and the Perception of Risk in the U.S.A.”, Book of Papers from the Fifth International Congress. International Radiation Protection Association, Jerusalem, Vol. I, March 9, 1980.

Lesly, P., Ed., Lesly’s Public Relations Handbook, Prentice Hall, Englewood, N.J., 1971.

Nielander, W. A., Public Relations, University of Texas, Austin, 1967.
[/spoiler] [spoiler title=”Contamination and Decontamination” style=”2″] American National Standards Institute, “Control of Radioactive Surface Contamination on Materials, Equipment, and Facilities to be Released for Uncontrolled Use”, ANSI N13.12, 1978.

American National Standards Institute, “Decomissioning of Research Reactors”, ANSI/ANS 15.10, 1981.

Ayres, J.A., “Decontamination of Nuclear Reactors and Equipment”, New York, NY, Ronald Press, 1970.

Bost, W. E., Radioactive Decontamination, A literature Search, TID-3535, Division of Technical Information Extension, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 1959.

Cember, H., Introduction to Health Physics, 2nd edition, Pergamon Press, New York, N.Y., 1983.

Clayton, R., “Monitoring of Radioactive Contamination on Surfaces”, IAEA Technical Report Series # 120, Vienna, Austria, 1970.

Code of Federal Regulations Title 10 (Energy) Part 20, Standards for Protection Against Radiation, U.S. NRC, Washington, D.C.

EGG-2530, Health Physics Manual of Good Practices for Uranium Facilities, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (EG&G Idaho), Idaho Falls, Idaho, 1988.

International Atomic Energy Agency, Environmental Contamination by Radioactive Materials, IAEA Publication No. STI/PUB/226, Vienna, 1969.

International Atomic Energy Agency, “Planning for the Handling of Radiation Accidents”, IAEA Safety Series No. 32, Vienna, Austria, 1969.

Manion, W. J., and Thomas S. LaGuardia, “Decommissioning Handbook”, DOE/EV-10128-1, U. S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C., 1980.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Management of Persons Accidentally Contaminated with Radionuclides”, NCRP Report No. 65, Bethesda, MD., 1980.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Precautions in the Management of Patients who have Receive Therapeutic Amounts of Radionuclides”, NCRP Report No. 37, Bethesda, MD, 1978.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Management of Persons Accidentally Contaminated with Radionuclides”, NCRP Report No. 65, Bethesda, MD, 1987.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Neutron Contamination from Medical Electron Accelerators”, NCRP Report No. 79, Bethesda, MD, 1987.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Dose Control at Nuclear Power Plants”, NCRP Report No. 120, Bethesda, MD, 1994.

Osterhout, M. M., Ed. “Decontamination and Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities”, New York, NY, Plenum Press, 1984.

PNL-6577, Health Physics Manual of Good Practices for Reducing Radiation Exposure to Levels that are As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA), Pacific Northwest Laboratory, Richland, Washington, 1988.

Simpson, D. R., et al., Eds., “Health Physics Considerations in Decontamination and Decommissioning”, CONF-860203, December, 1985.

U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, “Health Physics Surveys for Byproduct Material at USNRC-Licensed Processing and Manufacturing Plants”, Regulatory Guide 8.21, Washington, D.C. 1979.

Wade, J. and G. Cunningham, “Radiation Monitoring, A Programmed Instruction Book”, Department of Energy Technical Information Center, Oak Ridge, TN, 1967.

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Attix, Frank H., “Introduction to Radiologial Physics and Radiation Dosimetry”, Singapore, Wiley and Sons, 1986.

Cember, Herman. Introduction to Health Physics, third edition, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, 1996.

Eisenbud, Merril. Environmental Radioactivity, second edition, Academic Press, New York, 1973.

Evans, R. D., “The Atomic Nucleus”, New York, NY, McGraw-Hill, 1955.

Kocher, D. C., “A Radionuclide Decay Data Base: Index and Summary”, NUREG/CR-1413, May 1980.

Moe, Harold et al. Radiation Safety Technician Training Course (ANL-7291 Revision 1), Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, 1972.

Shapiro, Jacob. Radiation Protection, third edition, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1990.
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[spoiler title=”Decommissioning” style=”2″] Dufault, Renee et al. Reducing environmental risk associated with laboratory decommissioning and property transfer. Environmental Health Perspectives, vol 108, supplement 6, December 2000. (abstract)

European Commission (EU). Practical Use of the Concepts of Clearance and Exemption–Part 1. Recommendations of the Group of Experts established under the teams of Article 31 of the Euratom Treaty, Directorate-General Environment; 2000.

Kocher, David C. Radioactive decay data tables, a handbook of decay data for application to radiation dosimetry and radiological assessments. Washington, DC; U.S. DOE Technical Information Center; DOE/TIC-11026; 1981.

NEA/OECD, Decommissioning Nuclear Power Plants. Issue Brief No. 1. February 1987.

Slobodien, M.J. Decommissioning and restoration of nuclear facilities. Health Physics Society, 1999 Summer School. Medical Physics Publishing. Madison, WI; 1999.

U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Decommissioning handbook. DOE/EM-0142P; Washington, DC: March 1994.

U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). Accelerating Clean-up: Paths to Closure. Office of Environmental Management. DOE/EM-0342; Washington, DC; June 1998.

U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). Staff Responses to frequently asked questions concerning decommissioning of nuclear power reactors. NUREG-1628; Washington, DC: 1998.

U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Radiological assessments for clearance of equipment and materials from nuclear facilities. NUREG-1640; Washington, DC: 1999.

U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Information paper on the viability of entombment as a decommissioning option for power reactors. SECY-99-187; Washington, DC: 1999.

U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Use of rubblized concrete dismantlement to address 10 CFR Part 20, Subpart E, radiological criteria for license termination. SECY-00-0041; February 14, 2000.
[/spoiler] [spoiler title=”Dose Modeling” style=”2″] Argonne National Laboratory (ANL). Data collection handbook to support modeling the impacts of radioactive material in soil. ANL/EAIS-8; Argonne, IL: 1993.

Argonne National Laboratory. Manual for implementing residual radioactive material guidelines using RESRAD, version 5.0. ANL/EAD/LD-2; Argonne, IL: 1993.

W.E. Kennedy and D.L. Strenge, “Residual Radioactive Contamination From Decommissioning,” NUREG/CR-5512, Volume 1, October 1992.

NUREG 5512 V2 Residual Radioactive Contamination From Decommissioning: User’s Manual DandD Version 2.1

NUREG 5512 V3 Residual Radioactive Contamination From Decommissioning Parameter Analysis -draft – might take a while to fully open

NUREG 5512 V4 Comparison of the Models and Assumptions Used in the DandD 1.0, RESRAD 5.61, and RESRAD-Build 1.50 Computer Codes with Respect to the Residential Farmer and Industrial Occupant Scenarios Provided in NUREG/CR-5512 – draft

U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Scenarios for assessing potential doses associated with residual radioactivity. NMSS Policy and Guidance Directive PG-8-08; May 1994.

U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Decision methods for dose assessment to comply with radiological criteria for license termination. NUREG-1549 ; Washington, DC: 1998.

U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Residual radioactive contamination from decommissioning: parameter analysis. NUREG/CR-5512, vol.3; Washington, DC: 1999.

U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Comparison of the models and assumptions used in the DandD 1.0, RESRAD 5.61, and RESRAD-Build 1.50 computer codes with respect to the residential farmer and industrial occupant scenarios provided in NUREG/CR-5512. Draft report for comment. NUREG/CR-5512, vol.4; Washington, DC: 1999.

U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Probabilistic Dose Analysis Using Parameter Distributions Developed for RESRAD and RESRAD-Build Codes; NUREG/CR-6676; Washington, DC: July 2000.

U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Probabilistic Modules for the RESRAD and RESRAD-Build Computer Codes; NUREG/CR-6692; Washington, DC: November 2000.

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[spoiler title=”Environmental Monitoring” style=”2″] Adams, J.A., W. M. Lowder and T. Gessell, eds., The Natural Radiation Environment, CONF-72-0805, U. S. Energy Research and Development Administration, Washington, D.C., 1972.

American National Standards Institute, “Performance, Testing, and Procedural Specifications for Thermoluminescence Dosimnetry (Environmental Applications)”, ANSI N545, 1975.

American National Standards Institute, “Evaluation of Radionuclide Transport in Ground Water for Nuclear Power Sites”, ANSI/ANS-2.17, 1980.

American National Standards Institute, “Performance Specifications for Health Physics Instrumentation – Portable Instrumentation for Use in Normal Environmental Conditions”, ANSI N42.17A, 1989.

Eisenbud, M. Environmental Radioactivity, Academic Press, New York, 1973.

Eisenbud, M. and T. Gessel, “Environmental Radioactivity”, Fourth Edition, London, Academic Press, 1997.

International Atomic Energy Agency, “Manual of Environmental Monitoring in Normal Operations”, IAEA Safety Series No. 16, Vienna, 1966.

Klement, A. W., Jr., “Handbook of Environmental Radiation”, Boca Raton, FL, CRC Press, 1982.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Tritium in the Environment”, NCRP Report No. 62, Bethesda, MD, 1979.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Radiological Assessment: Predicting the Transport, Bioaccumulation, and Uptake by Man of Radionuclides Released to the Environment”, NCRP Report No. 76, Bethesda, MD, 1984.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Evaluation of Occupational and Environmental Exposures to Radon and Radon Daughters in the United States”, NCRP Report No. 78, Bethesda, MD., 1984.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Carbon-14 in the Environment”, NCRP Report No. 81, Bethesda, MD, 1985.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Exposure of the Population in the United States and Canada from Natural Background Radiation”, NCRP Report No. 94, Bethesda, MD., 1987.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Screening Models for Releases of Radionuclides to Atmosphere, Surface, Water and Ground, NCRP Report No. 123, Bethesda, MD, 1996.

Till, J., and H. Meyer, Eds., “Radiological Assessment”, NUREG/CR-3332, USNRC, Washington, D.C. 1983.

U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, “Environmental Radiological Monitoring Programs”, Regulatory Guide 4.8, Washington, D.C., 1975.

U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, “Calculation of Annual Doses to Man from Routine Releases of Reactor Effluents”, Regulatory Guide 1.109, Washington D.C. 1977.

U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, “Programs for Monitoring Radioactivity in the Environs of Nuclear Power Plants”, Regulatory Guide 4.1, Washington, D.C., 1975.
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[spoiler title=”Food Irradiation” style=”2″] “Wholesomeness of Irradiated Food” Report of a Joint FAO/IAEA/WHO Expert Committee, Technical Report Series 659, World Health Organization, 1981.

“Food Irradiation: A technique for preserving and improving the safety of food” World Health Organization and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1988.

“Safety and nutritional adequacy of irradiated food” World Health Organization, 1994.

“Safety of Irradiated Foods” second edition, J.F. Diehl, Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1995.

“Detection Methods for Irradiated Foods: Current Status” Edited by C.H. McMurray, E.M. Stewart, R. Gray and J. Pearce, The Royal Society of Chemistry, 1996.
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[spoiler title=”General Information” style=”2″] American National Standards Institute, “Glossary of Terms in Nuclear Science and Technology”, ANSI N1.1, Washington, D.C., 1976.

Berger, C. D., “Risky Business – Renewing our Faith in the Health Risk Assessment Process”, Proceedings of the Third Annual IT Corporation Technology Symposium, Scottsdale, Arizona, June 2-5, 1993.

Brodsky, A., “Determining Industrial Hygiene Requirements for Installations Using Radioactive Materials”, American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, 26:294-310

Brodsky, A., Ed., “CRC Handbook of Radiation Measurements and Protection”, CRC Press, 1982.

Cember, H., Introduction to Health Physics, Pergamon Press, 1979.

Gollnick, D. A., “Basic Radiation Protection Technology”, Pacific Radiation Corporation, Altadena, California, 1990.

Henry, H.F., Fundamentals of Radiation Protection, Wiley Interscience, New York 1969.

International Atomic Energy Agency, Radiation Protection Procedures, IAEA Safety Series No. 38, Vienna, 1973.

Knoll, G.F., Radiation Detection and Measurement, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1979.

Miller, K. L., and W. A. Weidner, Eds., “CRC Handbook of Management of Radiation Protection Programs”, Boca Raton, FL, CRC Press, 1986.

Moe, J.J., S. R. Lusuk, M. S. Shumacher and H. M. Hunt, Radiation Safety Technician Training Course, ANL-7291, Rev. 1, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, 1972.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, Basic Radiation Protection Criteria, NCRP Publication 39, Washington, D.C., 1971.

Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Applied Health Physics, Course Manual for 5-week course.

Schleien, B., and M. S. Terpilak, Eds.,”Health Physics and Radiological Health Handbook”, Nucleon Lectern Associates, 1990.

Shapiro, J., Radiation Protection, A Guide for Scientists and Physicians, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1981.

U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, “Instructions Concerning Prenatal Radiation Exposure”, Regulatory Guide 8.13, 1987.

U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, “Instruction Concerning Risks from Occupational Radiation Exposure”, Regulatory Guide 8.29, 1981.

U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, “Radiation Dose to the Embryo/Fetus”, Regulatory Guide 8.36, 1992.
[/spoiler] [spoiler title=”Health Effects” style=”2″] National Research Council, “Health Risks of Radon and Other Internally Deposited Alpha-Emitters”, BEIR IV, Washington, DC, National Academy Press, 1988.

National Research Council, “Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation”, BEIR V, Washington, DC, National Academy Press, 1990.

National Research Council, “Health Effects of Exposure to Radon: Time for Reassessment?”, Washington, DC, National Academy Press, 1994.

National Research Council, “Health Effects of Exposure to Radon”, BEIR VI, Washington, D.C., National Academy Press, 1999.

NCRP Report No. 74, “Biological Effects of Ultrasound: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications”, National Council on Radiaton Protection and Measurements, Bethesda, MD, 1983.

NCRP Report No. 80, “Induction of Thyroid Cancer by Ionizing Radiation”, National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, Bethesda, MD, 1985.

NCRP Report No. 86, “Biological Effects and Exposure Criteria for Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields”, National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, Bethesda, MD, 1986.

NCRP Report No. 89, “Genetic Effects from Internally Deposited Radionuclides”, National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, Bethesda, MD, 1987.

NCRP Report No. 109, “Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Aquatic Organisms”, National Council on Radiation PRotection and Measurements, Bethesda, MD, 1991.

NCRP Report No. 130, “Biological Effects and Exposure Limits for ‘Hot Particles’, National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, Bethesda, MD, 1999.

UNSCEAR, “United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation”, Report to the General Council, United Nations Press, 1993.
[/spoiler] [spoiler title=”Instruments and Detection Efficiency” style=”2″] Abelquist, E.W. and Brown, W.S. Estimating minimum detectable concentrations achievable while scanning building surfaces and land areas. Health Phys. 76(1):3-10; 1999.

Altshuler, B., and B. Pasternak. “Statistical Measures of the Lower Limit of Detection of a Radioactivity Counter,” Health Physics 34(9):293-298. 1963.

ANSI N13.30. “Performance Criteria for Radiobioassay.” New York: American National Standards Institute, Inc. 1996.

Brodsky, A. “Exact Calculation of Probabilities of False Positives and False Negatives for Low Background Counting,” Health Physics 63(2):198-204. August 1992.

Brodsky, A. “Standardizing Minimum Detectable Amount Formulations,” Health Physics 64(4): 434-435. April 1993.

Chambless, D.A., et al. “Detection Limit Concepts: Foundations, Myths, and Utilization,” Health Physics 63(3):338-340. 1992.

Currie, L.A. “Limits for Qualitative Detection and Quantitative Determination,” Analytical Chemistry 40(3):586-593. 1968.

Goles, R.W. , Baumann, B.L., and Johnson, M.L. “Contamination Survey Instrument Capabilities.” (PNL-SA-1984, Letter to the U.S. Department of Energy) 1991.

International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU). Gamma-ray spectrometry in the environment. ICRU Report 53. Bethesda, MD: 1994.

International Organization for Standardization. Reference sources for the calibration of surface contamination monitors—beta-emitters and alpha-emitters. ISO-8769; 1988.

Knoll, G.F. Radiation detection and measurement. 2nd ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York: 1989.

NCRP 112. “Calibration of Survey Instruments Used in Radiation Protection for the Assessment of Ionizing Radiation Fields and Radioactive Surface Contamination.” Bethesda, Md.: National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. December 31, 1991.

NUREG-1506. “Measurement Methods for Radiological Surveys in Support of New Decommissioning Criteria” (Draft Report for Comment). Washington, D.C.: Nuclear Regulatory Commission. August 1995.

NUREG-1507. “Minimum detectable concentrations with typical radiation survey instruments for various contaminants and field conditions.” Washington, DC: U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission; 1997.

NUREG/CR-4007. “Lower Limit of Detection: Definition and Elaboration of a Proposed Position for Radiological Effluent and Environmental Measurements.” Washington, D.C.: Nuclear Regulatory Commission. 1984.

NUREG/CR-6364. “Human Performance in Radiological Survey Scanning.” Washington, D.C.: Nuclear Regulatory Commission. December 1997.

Strom, D.J., and P.S. Stansbury. “Minimum Detectable Activity When Background Is Counted Longer Than the Sample,” Health Physics 63(3):360-1. September 1992.

Sommers, J.F. Sensitivity of G-M and ion chamber beta-gamma survey instruments. Health Physics 28(6):755-761; 1975.

Walker, E. “Proper Selection and Application of Portable Survey Instruments for Unrestricted Release Surveys.” Bechtel Environmental, Inc. Presented at 1994 International Symposium on D&D. April 24-29, 1994.
[/spoiler] [spoiler title=”Instrumentation and Dosimetry” style=”2″] Allen, William D., “Radiation Detection”, New York, NY, Philosophical Library, 1960.

American National Standards Institute, “Specifications of Portable X- or Gamma-Radiation Survey Instruments”, ANSI N13.4, 1971.

American National Standards Institute, “Specification and Performjance of On-site Instrumentation for Continuously Monitoring Radioactivity in Effluents”, ANSI N13.10, 1974.

American National Standards Institute, “Performance Specifications for Health Physics Instrumentation”, ANSI N42.17, 1982.

American National Standards Institute, “Radiation Protection Instrumentation Test and Calibration”, ANSI N323, 1978.

American National Standards Institute, “Performance Specifications for Health Physics Instrumentation – Occupational Airborne Radioactivity Monitoring Instrumentation”, ANSI N42.17B, 1989.

American National Standards Institute, “American National Standard for the Safe Use of Lasers”, Z136.1, 1986.

American National Standards Institute, “Performance Specifications for Health Physics Instrumentation – Portable Instrumentation for Use in Normal Environmental Conditions”, ANSI N42.17A, 1989.

American National Standards Institute, “Measurement and Associated Instrumentation Quality Assurance for Radioassay Laboratories”, ANSI N42.23, 1995.

Attix, F. H., W. C. Roesch and E. Tochlin, Edds., “Radiation Dosimetry”, 2nd Edition, New York, NY, Academic Press, 1969.

Berger, C.D., Beck, W.L., J.D. Berger and R.E. Goans, “Instrumentation for Detection and Measurement of Ionizing Radiation,” in Instrumentation for Analytical Process and Pollution Control, Ann Arbor-Science Publishers, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1981.

Berger, C. D. and M. C. Kelly, “Internal Dosimetry Course Manual”, IT Corporation Report No. IT/NS-93-102, submitted to the U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Technical Training Center, Chattanooga, Tennessee, June, 1993.

Berger, C. D., “Reconstruction of Radiation Doses in the Event of Litigation”, presented at Nuclear Materials Licensees Regulation Briefing, Session 8, “Minimizing the Risk and Maximizing the Defense: Radiological Injury Litigation”, The Grand Hotel, Washington, D. C., June 9, 1992.

Handloser, J., “Health Physics Instrumentation”, Pergamon Press, New York, 1959.

Health Physics Society, “Radiation Instruments”, 2001 Summer School (H. Cember, ed.)

Higginbotham, J., Ed., “Applicationhs of New Technology: External Dosimetry”, Proceedings of the Health Physics Society 1996 Summer School, Madison, WI, Medical Physics Publishing, 1996.

Hine, G. L. and G. L. Brownell, Eds., “Radiation Dosimetry”, New York, NY, Academic Press, 1956.

Knoll, Glen F., “Radiation Detection and Measurement”, New York, NY, Wiley & Sons, 1979.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Radiation Quantities and Units”, NCRP Report No. 33, Bethesda MD, 1980.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Tritium Measurement Techniques”, NCRP Report No. 47, Washington, DC, 1976.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Instrumentation and Monitoring Methods for Radiation Protection”, NCRP Report No. 57, Washington, DC, 1978.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Operational Radiation Safety Program”, NCRP Report No. 59, Washington, D.C., 1978.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Calibration of Survey Instruments Used in Radiation Protection for the Assessment of Ionizing Radiation Fields and Radioactive Surface Contamination”, NCRP Report No. 112, Bethesd, MD, 1992.

Price, W. J., Nuclear Radiation Detection, 2nd Ed. McGraw Hill Inc., New York, 1964.

Raabe, Otto G., Ed., “Internal Radiation Dosimetry”, Proceedings of the Health Physics Society 1994 Summer School, Madison, WI, Medical Physics Publishing, 1994.

U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, “Acceptable Concepts, Models, Equations, and Assumptions for a Bioassay Program”, Regulatory Guide 8.9, 1993.

U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, “Monitoring Criteria and Methods to Calculate Occupational Radiation Doses”, Regulatory Guide 8.34, 1992.
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[spoiler title=”Medical Uses of Radioactivity” style=”2″] Food and Drug Administration, “Health Physics in the Healing Arts”, DHEW Publication 73-8029, March, 1973.

Friedman, A. M., R. H. Seevers, Jr., and R. P. Spencer, “Radionuclides in Therapy”, Boca Raton, FL, CRC Press, 1987.

Hendee, W. R., “Medical Radiation Physics”, Year Book Medical Publishers, Inc., Chicago, Illinois, 1973.

Johns, H. E. and J. R. Cunningham, “The Physics of Radiology”, Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, 1977.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Medical Radiation Exposure of Pregnant and Potentially Pregnant Women”, NCRP Report No. 54, Bethesda, MD, 1985.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Protection inNuclear Medicine and Ultrasound Diagnostic Procedures in Children”, NCRP Report No. 73, Bethesda, MD, 1983.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Neutron Contamination from Medical Electron Accelerators”, NCRP Report No. 79, Bethesda, MD, 1987.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Quality Assurance for Diagnostic Imaging Equipment”, NCRP Report No. 99, Bethesda, MD, 1988.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Exposure of the US Population from Diagnostic Medical Radiation”, NCRP Report No. 100, Bethesda, MD, 1989.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Radiation Protection for Medical and Allied Health Personnel”, NCRP Report No. 105, Bethesda, MD, 1989.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Implementaiton of the Principle of As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA) for Medical and Dental Personnel”, NCRP Report No. 107, Bethesda, MD, 1990.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Exposure Criteria for Medical Diagnostic Ultrasound: Criteria Based on Thermal Mechanisms”, NCRP Report No. 113, Bethesda, MD, 1992.

National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, “Sources and Magnitude of Occupational and Public Exposures from Nuclear Medicine Procedures”, NCRP Report No. 124, Bethesda, MD, 1996.

Thomas, Elyse, “Medical Uses of Radiation” , hand-out materials for the five-week Applied Health Physics course, Oak Ridge Associated Universities, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, 1986.

Wang, Yen, Ed., “Handbook of Radioactive Nuclides”, Cleveland, OH, Chemical Rubber Company, 1969.

Williams, L. E., “Nuclear Medical Physics”, Boca Raton, FL, CRC Press, 1987.
[/spoiler] [spoiler title=”Monitoring” style=”2″] ANSI N13.5, Performance Specifications for Direct Reading and Indirect Reading Pocket Dosimeters for X- and Gamma Radiation, American National Standards Institute, New York, N.Y., 1972.

ANSI N13.11, Personnel Dosimetry Performance- Criteria for Testing, American National Standards Institute, New York, N.Y., 1983 (Revised 1993).

ANSI N13.27, Performance Specifications for Pocket-Sized Alarming Dosimeters/Ratemeters, American National Standards Institute, New York, N.Y., 1981.

ANSI N322, Inspection and Test Specifications for Direct and Indirect Reading Quartz Fiber Pocket Dosimeters, American National Standards Institute, New York, N.Y., 1977.

Carlson, R. D. and Gesell, T. F., The Department of Energy Laboratory Accreditation Program in Personnel Dosimetry: Results of the Pilot Performance Test, DOE/ID-12104, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, 1986.

Cember, H., Introduction to Health Physics, 2nd edition, Pergamon Press, New York, N.Y., 1983.

DOE Order 5480.11, Radiation Protection for Occupational Workers, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C., 1988.

DOE Order 5480.15, Department of Energy Laboratory Accreditation Program for Personnel Dosimetry, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C., 1987.

DOE/EH-0026, Handbook for the Department of Energy Laboratory Accreditation Program for Personnel Dosimetry Systems, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C., 1986.

DOE/EH-0027, Department of Energy Standard for the Performance Testing of Personnel Dosimetry Systems, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C., 1986.

DOE/EH-0256T (Revision 1), U.S. Department of Energy Radiological Control Manual, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C., April, 1994.

Eisenhower, E., Gladhill, R.L., and Horlick, J., The National Personnel Radiation Dosimetry Accreditation Program, NBS1R 86-3350, U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 1986.

EPA, Radiation Protection Guidance to Federal Agencies for Occupational Exposure – Recommendations Approved by the President, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 1987.

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